Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. Pdf on jan 1, 2005, io manolessou and others published from participles to gerunds. Complete the sentences with the correct form, gerund or infinitive, using the words in parentheses. Think of some other examples of verbals in movie or music titles. Grammatik gerund or infinitive 4 losungen exercise 1 fill in the right form. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results.
Gerunds, participles, and infinitives are verbals a difficult concept for students to understand, identify, and use in writing. Identify gerund, infinitive, or participle in the following movie, music group, or song titles. Jun 30, 2012 the gerund and the present participle have identical forms. I dont like to cry in public unless im getting paid for it. A gerund is a verbal ending in ing that is used as a noun. Adjective, adverb, noun clauses gerund,participial and. Gerund is defined as a verbal form that functions as a verbal noun. Gerunds and infinitives part 3 put the verb into the gerund or the infinitive with to. The infinitive can be used as the object of a verb. Have the students work with a partner to match the meanings to the sentences in worksheet 74a. A verbal phrase consists of a verbal and its modifiers and complements. These verbs can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive with a change in meaning.
If this word can be replaced by the pronoun it, then the word is a gerund. If the word it replaces other words in addition to the gerund, then these make up the gerund phrase lester 177. You may also see infinitive phrase worksheets and examples. This verbals unit includes varying activities and tools for teachers to choose what works best for individual classes and students while studying verbals. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. His not having done the homework made the teacher very anggyry. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. If it is a present participle, it functions as a verb and it is usually translated into a spanish gerundio. The show offers everyone a chance to be a millionaire. Infinitive examples active to see i hope to see you again. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. If it is a gerund, it functions as a noun and it is usually translated into a spanish infinitive. The syntax of the infinitive and the participle in early byzantine greek.
We have now looked at all the basic parts of a simple sentence. Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. The gerund and the present participle have identical forms. You can use a gerund as the object of a preposition. To determine whether a word in a sentence is a gerund, look at the words ending in ing in the sentence. There are many cases where gerunds are used in a phrase. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. These presentations are available as downloadable files that can be saved to your computer. Passive to be seen such disgusting scenes are not to be seen here. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time.
Each prezi has over twenty slides and provides definitions, examples, and plenty of guided practice. However, using a gerund or an infinitive will greatly change the meaning of your sentences. Please read our short guide how to send a book to kindle. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Gerunds or verbal nouns take the same form as the present participle ving but their function is quite different. They are sure the extra planning will make a difference in the end.
Gerunds, participles, and infinitives are all verbals. Regret with the infinitive is used to give bad news in a formal, polite way. The word gerund originated from the latin word gerundium, from gerundus which means to be carried out, with a future passive participle form of gerundive of gero which translates to carry, bear. Predicates typically contain the verb and the other constituents of the predicate depend on the type of verb. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participles are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. A gerund is a verb form ending in ing that is used as a noun. Weve seen that simple sentences contain one subjectpredicate pairing, and we have looked closely at both of those parts. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. A gerund phrase generally consists of a gerund, which is the ing word, along with any modifiers or objects associated with it.
Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary and. Your having had the experience will be to your credit. This can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action. Toinfinitive after question words toinfinitiv nach fragewortern nach bestimmten verben z.
Godzilla made a game of smashing all of the red cars parked near the lake. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. A gerund is a verb in ing form that is used as a noun. What makes a gerund different from a simple noun is that it does not have a proper plural form. Jamals confusing message did nothing to solve the mystery. Introduction the ing form of the verb may be a gerund or a present participle. Usually it functions as a noun, although it can also function as an adjective or adverb. Verbals gerund, participle, and infinitive and verbal phrases have many complex angles. How can we tell whether to use an infinitive or an ing form. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech.
A gerund is a verb that ends with ing such as dancing, flying, etc. Infinitive past past participle gerund meaning 101 shine 1 4 shone shone shining lucir, brillar 102 shoot shot shot shooting disparar, tirar 103 show showed shown showing ensenar, mostrar 104 shrink shrank shrunk shrinking estrechar, escogerse 105 shut 2 shut shut shutting cerrar 106 sing sang sung singing cantar. As this chapter is about when to use the infinitive and when to use the ingform, however, we have also listed words here that can be used either with the infinitive or the present participle. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. After it, tell how it is being used in the sentence.
Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. An infinitive is a verb that is preceded by the word to such as to run, to fly, to play, etc. Gerund and present participle are not exactly the same. There are two kinds of participles the present participle and the past participle. There are three nonfinites in english the infinitive, the participles which have two forms, the present participle and the past participle, and the gerund, as described from the above examples. In the first sentence, the gerund crying serves as the direct object. This resource is a spinner that provides students with basic notes about each type of. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, andor complements. The problem is that some verbs are followed not by an infinitive but by a gerund ing form. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a. The infinitive, the gerund and the participles of the english verb by. I dont like crying in public unless im getting paid for it. Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend. A participle is a verb form that is used as an adjective.
In other languages, specifically dutch, italian, or russian, it is a verbal form that is similar to a present. A participle is a word formed as a verb that can be used as an adjective. Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend, bent. Delighted with the opportunity to learn, christine took the internship in new york.
Infinitive past past participle gerund meaning 68 leap leapt leapt leaping saltar 69 learn 4 learnt learnt learning aprender 70 leave 1 left left leaving dejar, abandonar 71 lend lent lent lending prestar 72 let 2 let let letting permitir, dejar 73 lie 5 lay lain echarse, tumbarse 74 light 4 lit lit lighting encender 75 lose 1 lost lost losing perder 76 make 1 made made making. Therefore, you should be aware on how to use both of the properly. Some people use both the present participle and the gerund as the ing form because. Stop a even though the doctors did what they could, the patient finally stopped breathing. Some systematic organizing principles have been attempted, but they are complicated and full of exceptions. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets. Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives worksheets.
The ed form of a regular verb is its past participle. Gerunds and infinitives part 4 perfect english grammar. A participle, on the other hand, functions like an adjective. All verbals, participles, infinitives, and gerunds, are. Although there are similarities, there are also differences between the two, and that is, a gerund can be the object of a preposition. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english. That is, a gerund from a linking verb will have a subject complement after it, a gerund from a transitive action verb will have a direct object of its own, and possibly an indirect object or an object complement, and so. The explanation is framed in a naturallanguage semantics involving the meanings of the gerundparticiple, the infinitive, the preposition to, and the meaning. A participle also ends in ing like a gerund, but it does not function as a noun. The perfect gerund the perfect gerund form of a gerund is made up of having plus the past participate of the main verb. Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive using the verbs given in brackets. This is a bundle of three prezis that cover the gerund, infinitive and participle. The infinitive is the form of the verb not changed for person, number or tense. Pdf tense and control interpretations in gerundparticiple and to.